All Events

• American Civil War: First Battle of Bull Run: At Manassas Junction, Virginia, the first major battle of the war begins and ends in a victory for the Confederate army. · 1861
  
• Signing of the treaty of Constantinople between Britain, France, Russia and the Ottoman Empire, which outlines the borders of the new kingdom of Greece. · 1832
  
• Inauguration of Leopold I of Belgium, first king of the Belgians. · 1831
  
• French campaign in Egypt and Syria: Napoleon's forces defeat an Ottoman-Mamluk army near Cairo in the Battle of the Pyramids. · 1798
  
• Russo-Turkish War (1768–74): Russia and the Ottoman Empire sign the Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca ending the war. It is the first time that an Ottoman ruler surrendered territory largely populated by Muslims and the first time that a separation of secular and spiritual authority in the Ottoman Empire was established. · 1774
  
• The Treaty of Passarowitz between the Ottoman Empire, Austria and the Republic of Venice is signed. · 1718
  
• A Dutch assault on the French island of Martinique is repulsed against all odds. · 1674
  
• The Raid on Málaga takes place during the Anglo-Spanish War. · 1656
  
• Qing dynasty regent Dorgon issues an edict ordering all Han Chinese men to shave their forehead and braid the rest of their hair into a queue identical to those of the Manchus. · 1645
  
• Eighty Years' War: Battle of Jemmingen: Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, Duke of Alva defeats Louis of Nassau. · 1568
  
• The first landing of French troops on the coast of the Isle of Wight during the French invasion of the Isle of Wight. · 1545
  
• Battle of Shrewsbury: King Henry IV of England defeats rebels to the north of the county town of Shropshire, England. · 1403
  
• Battle of Taillebourg: Louis IX of France puts an end to the revolt of his vassals Henry III of England and Hugh X of Lusignan. · 1242
  
• King Berengar I of Italy and a hired Hungarian army defeat the Frankish forces at Verona. King Louis III is captured and blinded for breaking his oath (see 902). · 905
  
• The 365 Crete earthquake affects the Greek island of Crete with a maximum Mercalli intensity of XI (Extreme), causing a destructive tsunami that affects the coasts of Libya and Egypt, especially Alexandria. Many thousands are killed. · 365
  
• Diocletian appoints Maximian as Caesar and co-ruler. · 285
  
• Pope Pontian succeeds Urban I as the eighteenth pope. After being exiled to Sardinia, he became the first pope to resign his office. · 230
  
• The Temple of Artemis in Ephesus, one of the Seven Wonders of the World, is destroyed by arson. · -356